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  "authors": [
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  "authors": [
            
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    {
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    {
            
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      "author_department": "Water Services Regulation",
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      "author_department": "Water Services Regulation",
            
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      "author_email": "info@dws.gov.za",
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      "author_email": "info@dws.gov.za",
            
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      "author_name": "Department of Water and Sanitation",
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      "author_name": "Department of Water and Sanitation",
            
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      "author_organization": "Department of Water and Sanitation 
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      "author_organization": "Department of Water and Sanitation 
            
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(formerly Department of Water Affairs)",
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(formerly Department of Water Affairs)",
            
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      "author_surname": "Department of Water and Sanitation",
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      "author_surname": "Department of Water and Sanitation",
            
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    }
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    }
            
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  ],
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  "citation_title": "DWS (DEPARTMENT OF WATER AND SANITATION) (2023) 
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  "citation_title": "DWS (DEPARTMENT OF WATER AND SANITATION) (2023) 
            
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Blue Drop Reports 2010-2023: South African municipal drinking water 
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Blue Drop Reports 2010-2023: South African municipal drinking water 
            
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quality management. Department of Water and Sanitation, Pretoria. 
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quality management. Department of Water and Sanitation, Pretoria. 
            
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Dataset.",
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Dataset.",
            
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      "contact_department": "Water Services Regulation",
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      "contact_department": "Water Services Regulation",
            
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      "contact_email": "info@dws.gov.za",
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      "contact_email": "info@dws.gov.za",
            
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      "contact_name": "Department of Water and Sanitation",
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      "contact_name": "Department of Water and Sanitation",
            
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      "contact_orgnization": "Department of Water and Sanitation 
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      "contact_orgnization": "Department of Water and Sanitation 
            
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(formerly Department of Water Affairs)"
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(formerly Department of Water Affairs)"
            
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    }
            
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  "data_collection_organization": "Department of Water and Sanitation 
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  "data_collection_organization": "Department of Water and Sanitation 
            
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(formerly Department of Water Affairs), Water Services Regulation",
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(formerly Department of Water Affairs), Water Services Regulation",
            
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  "dataset_language": "English",
            
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  "dataset_license_url": 
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  "dataset_license_url": 
            
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"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
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"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
            
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  "keywords": "Blue Drop, Blue Drop Certification, drinking water 
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  "keywords": "Blue Drop, Blue Drop Certification, drinking water 
            
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quality, SANS 241, water safety planning, Blue Drop Risk Rating, BDRR, 
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quality, SANS 241, water safety planning, Blue Drop Risk Rating, BDRR, 
            
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Progress Assessment Tool, water services authorities, water supply 
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Progress Assessment Tool, water services authorities, water supply 
            
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systems, incentive-based regulation, Department of Water and 
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systems, incentive-based regulation, Department of Water and 
            
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Sanitation, South Africa",
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Sanitation, South Africa",
            
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  "license": "Open (Creative Commons)",
            
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  "name": 
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  "name": 
            
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-2010-2023-south-african-municipal-drinking-water-quality-management",
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-2010-2023-south-african-municipal-drinking-water-quality-management",
            
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  "notes": "This collection of reports brings together the Blue Drop 
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  "notes": "This collection of reports brings together the Blue Drop 
            
64
Certification reports published by the Department of Water Affairs, 
64
Certification reports published by the Department of Water Affairs, 
            
65
later the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS), between 2010 and 
65
later the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS), between 2010 and 
            
66
2023. Blue Drop Certification was introduced on 11 September 2008 as 
66
2023. Blue Drop Certification was introduced on 11 September 2008 as 
            
67
an incentive-based regulation programme for municipal drinking water 
67
an incentive-based regulation programme for municipal drinking water 
            
68
quality management, and was later complemented by risk-based 
68
quality management, and was later complemented by risk-based 
            
69
regulation through the Blue Drop Progress Assessment Tool (PAT) and 
69
regulation through the Blue Drop Progress Assessment Tool (PAT) and 
            
70
Blue Drop Risk Rating (BDRR). Water Services Authorities and their 
70
Blue Drop Risk Rating (BDRR). Water Services Authorities and their 
            
71
water supply systems were audited against Blue Drop requirements 
71
water supply systems were audited against Blue Drop requirements 
            
72
covering water safety planning, process management and control, 
72
covering water safety planning, process management and control, 
            
73
drinking water quality compliance with SANS 241, management 
73
drinking water quality compliance with SANS 241, management 
            
74
accountability and asset management, with water use efficiency (No 
74
accountability and asset management, with water use efficiency (No 
            
75
Drop) criteria added in 2014. Results were reported per water supply 
75
Drop) criteria added in 2014. Results were reported per water supply 
            
76
system as report cards that included Blue Drop scores, design and 
76
system as report cards that included Blue Drop scores, design and 
            
77
operational capacity, population served, per capita consumption, and 
77
operational capacity, population served, per capita consumption, and 
            
78
microbiological and chemical compliance, together with provincial and 
78
microbiological and chemical compliance, together with provincial and 
            
79
national summaries and performance logs. The number of systems audited 
79
national summaries and performance logs. The number of systems audited 
            
80
grew from 402 in 2009 to 1036 in 2014, and the national Blue Drop 
80
grew from 402 in 2009 to 1036 in 2014, and the national Blue Drop 
            
81
score rose from 51.4% (2009) to 87.6% (2012) before declining to 79.6% 
81
score rose from 51.4% (2009) to 87.6% (2012) before declining to 79.6% 
            
82
(2014). The 2022 PAT report covered 144 Water Services Authorities and 
82
(2014). The 2022 PAT report covered 144 Water Services Authorities and 
            
83
1186 water supply systems for the period 1 July 2020 to 30 June 2021, 
83
1186 water supply systems for the period 1 July 2020 to 30 June 2021, 
            
84
and the 2023 report presented the full audit for the period 1 July 
84
and the 2023 report presented the full audit for the period 1 July 
            
85
2021 to 30 June 2022. The collection comprised the full 2010, 2022 and 
85
2021 to 30 June 2022. The collection comprised the full 2010, 2022 and 
            
86
2023 reports, the Free State chapter of the 2011 report, the 
86
2023 reports, the Free State chapter of the 2011 report, the 
            
87
introductory and national overview chapters of the 2012 report, and 
87
introductory and national overview chapters of the 2012 report, and 
            
88
the executive summary, national overview and annexures of the 2014 
88
the executive summary, national overview and annexures of the 2014 
            
89
report. Data were provided as published PDF reports; system-level 
89
report. Data were provided as published PDF reports; system-level 
            
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tables were not extracted into machine-readable form.",
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tables were not extracted into machine-readable form.",
            
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    "description": "The Department of Water and Sanitation is the 
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    "description": "The Department of Water and Sanitation is the 
            
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custodian of South Africa's water resources. It is primarily 
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custodian of South Africa's water resources. It is primarily 
            
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responsible for the formulation and implementation of policy governing 
98
responsible for the formulation and implementation of policy governing 
            
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this sector.\r\n\r\nWhile striving to ensure that all South Africans 
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this sector.\r\n\r\nWhile striving to ensure that all South Africans 
            
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gain access to clean water and dignified sanitation, the department 
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gain access to clean water and dignified sanitation, the department 
            
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also promotes effective and efficient water resources management to 
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also promotes effective and efficient water resources management to 
            
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ensure sustainable economic and social development.",
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ensure sustainable economic and social development.",
            
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