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      "author_department": "Institute for Water and Environmental 
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      "author_department": "Institute for Water and Environmental 
            
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Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering",
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Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering",
            
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      "author_email": "atheron1@csir.co.za",
            
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      "author_name": "Andre K.",
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      "author_name": "Andre K.",
            
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      "author_organization": "Stellenbosch University",
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      "author_organization": "Stellenbosch University",
            
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      "author_surname": "Theron",
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      "author_surname": "Theron",
            
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Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering",
            
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      "author_name": "Gerrit R.",
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      "author_name": "Gerrit R.",
            
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      "author_organization": "Stellenbosch University",
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      "author_organization": "Stellenbosch University",
            
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      "author_surname": "Basson"
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      "author_surname": "Basson"
            
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  "citation_title": "Theron, A.K., & Basson, G.R. (2018). Reservoir 
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  "citation_title": "Theron, A.K., & Basson, G.R. (2018). Reservoir 
            
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sedimentation and potential impact of the proposed Smithfield Dam on 
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sedimentation and potential impact of the proposed Smithfield Dam on 
            
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the uMkhomazi River on the coastal sediment budget and shoreline 
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the uMkhomazi River on the coastal sediment budget and shoreline 
            
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stability. Conference paper, November 2018. Stellenbosch University, 
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stability. Conference paper, November 2018. Stellenbosch University, 
            
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South Africa.",
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South Africa.",
            
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  "keywords": "reservoir sedimentation, Smithfield Dam, uMkhomazi 
            
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River, sediment yield, coastal sediment budget, shoreline stability, 
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River, sediment yield, coastal sediment budget, shoreline stability, 
            
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dam impacts, hydrodynamic modelling, sediment transport, sand mining, 
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dam impacts, hydrodynamic modelling, sediment transport, sand mining, 
            
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coastal erosion, KwaZulu\u2011Natal",
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coastal erosion, KwaZulu\u2011Natal",
            
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-u22951718-downloads-sancold2018-smithfield-theronandbasson-20-1-pdf",
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-u22951718-downloads-sancold2018-smithfield-theronandbasson-20-1-pdf",
            
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  "notes": "This conference paper investigates reservoir sedimentation 
76
  "notes": "This conference paper investigates reservoir sedimentation 
            
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and downstream coastal impacts associated with the proposed Smithfield 
77
and downstream coastal impacts associated with the proposed Smithfield 
            
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Dam on the uMkhomazi River, KwaZulu\u2011Natal, South Africa. A review 
78
Dam on the uMkhomazi River, KwaZulu\u2011Natal, South Africa. A review 
            
79
of regional sediment yields was conducted and combined with 
79
of regional sediment yields was conducted and combined with 
            
80
2\u2011dimensional hydrodynamic modelling to simulate reservoir 
80
2\u2011dimensional hydrodynamic modelling to simulate reservoir 
            
81
sedimentation over a 100\u2011year period, indicating potential 
81
sedimentation over a 100\u2011year period, indicating potential 
            
82
storage capacity losses of 36\u201366% depending on future sediment 
82
storage capacity losses of 36\u201366% depending on future sediment 
            
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yield scenarios.\r\nA 1\u2011dimensional hydrodynamic and sediment 
83
yield scenarios.\r\nA 1\u2011dimensional hydrodynamic and sediment 
            
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transport model was applied to assess pre\u2011 and post\u2011dam 
84
transport model was applied to assess pre\u2011 and post\u2011dam 
            
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sediment routing from the dam site to the river mouth. Results show 
85
sediment routing from the dam site to the river mouth. Results show 
            
86
that the dam would trap nearly all coarse sediment, leading to a 
86
that the dam would trap nearly all coarse sediment, leading to a 
            
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long\u2011term reduction of approximately 74\u202f000\u202ft/a 
87
long\u2011term reduction of approximately 74\u202f000\u202ft/a 
            
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(\u224821%) in sand delivery to the coast. This reduction corresponds 
88
(\u224821%) in sand delivery to the coast. This reduction corresponds 
            
89
to a 10% decrease in total longshore sediment supply at Durban, with 
89
to a 10% decrease in total longshore sediment supply at Durban, with 
            
90
implications for coastal sediment budgets and shoreline stability 
90
implications for coastal sediment budgets and shoreline stability 
            
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north of the uMkhomazi River mouth.\r\n\r\nThe study further evaluates 
91
north of the uMkhomazi River mouth.\r\n\r\nThe study further evaluates 
            
92
cumulative impacts of existing sand mining, showing that dam sediment 
92
cumulative impacts of existing sand mining, showing that dam sediment 
            
93
trapping and sand mining would together reduce fluvial sand supply by 
93
trapping and sand mining would together reduce fluvial sand supply by 
            
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up to 37%. Potential mitigation measures include sediment bypass 
94
up to 37%. Potential mitigation measures include sediment bypass 
            
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tunnels, improved sand\u2011mining regulation, catchment management, 
95
tunnels, improved sand\u2011mining regulation, catchment management, 
            
96
and targeted beach nourishment. The findings highlight the importance 
96
and targeted beach nourishment. The findings highlight the importance 
            
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of integrated river\u2013coast sediment management in future dam 
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of integrated river\u2013coast sediment management in future dam 
            
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planning.",
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  "publisher": "South African National Committee on Large Dams 
            
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Proposed Smithfield Dam on the uMkhomazi River on the Coastal Sediment 
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Proposed Smithfield Dam on the uMkhomazi River on the Coastal Sediment 
            
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Budget and Shoreline Stability.pdf",
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of the Proposed Smithfield Dam on the uMkhomazi River on the Coastal 
            
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Sediment Budget and Shoreline Stability",
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  "title": "Reservoir Sedimentation and Potential Impact of the 
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  "title": "Reservoir Sedimentation and Potential Impact of the 
            
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Proposed Smithfield Dam on the uMkhomazi River on the Coastal Sediment 
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Proposed Smithfield Dam on the uMkhomazi River on the Coastal Sediment 
            
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Budget and Shoreline Stability",
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